I. INTRODUCTION

1. The present arbitration arises under the Agreement on the Encouragement and Reciprocal Protection of Investments of 29 April 1991 between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Czech and Slovak Republic that entered into force on 1 October 1992 (the "Netherlands-Siovak Republic BIT", the "Treaty" or the "BIT"), 1 in connection with the operation of a health insurance provider company in the territory of the Slovak Republic.

 A. THE CLAIMANT

2. The Claimant is Achmea B.V. ("Achmea" or the "Ciaimant"),2 a corporation incorporated under the laws of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, with address and contact details as follows: